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Τι (ποιος) είναι metamorphism$48324$ - ορισμός
![ACF [[compatibility diagram]]s (aluminium-calcium-iron) showing phase equilibria in metamorphic mafic rocks at different P-T circumstances (metamorphic facies). Dots represent mineral phases, thin grey lines are equilibria between two phases. Mineral abbreviations: act = [[actinolite]]; cc = [[calcite]]; chl = [[chlorite]]; di = [[diopside]]; ep = [[epidote]]; glau = [[glaucophane]]; gt = [[garnet]]; hbl = [[hornblende]]; ky = [[kyanite]]; law = [[lawsonite]]; plag = [[plagioclase]]; om = [[omphacite]]; opx = [[orthopyroxene]]; zo = [[zoisite]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ACF triangles EN.svg?width=200 "ACF [[compatibility diagram]]s (aluminium-calcium-iron) showing phase equilibria in metamorphic mafic rocks at different P-T circumstances (metamorphic facies). Dots represent mineral phases, thin grey lines are equilibria between two phases. Mineral abbreviations: act = [[actinolite]]; cc = [[calcite]]; chl = [[chlorite]]; di = [[diopside]]; ep = [[epidote]]; glau = [[glaucophane]]; gt = [[garnet]]; hbl = [[hornblende]]; ky = [[kyanite]]; law = [[lawsonite]]; plag = [[plagioclase]]; om = [[omphacite]]; opx = [[orthopyroxene]]; zo = [[zoisite]]")
 1 (45574881922).jpg?width=200 "Amphibolite formed by metamorphism of basalt showing coarse texture")
![stress]] if a rock is subjected to stress during metamorphism](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Metamorphic Pressure alignment-white.png?width=200 "stress]] if a rock is subjected to stress during metamorphism")
![A mylonite (through a [[petrographic microscope]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mylonite Strona.jpg?width=200 "A mylonite (through a [[petrographic microscope]])")
 4.jpg?width=200 "Sioux Quartzite, a product of burial metamorphism")
![A metamorphic rock, deformed during the [[Variscan orogeny]], at [[Vall de Cardós]], [[Lérida]], [[Spain]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The stones of the Dutch - Lleida Pyrenees 04.JPG?width=200 "A metamorphic rock, deformed during the [[Variscan orogeny]], at [[Vall de Cardós]], [[Lérida]], [[Spain]]")
![cross-polarized]] [[thin section]] image of a [[garnet]]-[[mica]]-[[schist]] from [[Salangen]], Norway showing the strong strain fabric of schists. The black crystal is garnet, the pink-orange-yellow colored strands are [[muscovite]] mica, and the brown crystals are [[biotite]] mica. The grey and white crystals are [[quartz]] and (limited) [[feldspar]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thin section of garnet-mica-schist.jpg?width=200 "cross-polarized]] [[thin section]] image of a [[garnet]]-[[mica]]-[[schist]] from [[Salangen]], Norway showing the strong strain fabric of schists. The black crystal is garnet, the pink-orange-yellow colored strands are [[muscovite]] mica, and the brown crystals are [[biotite]] mica. The grey and white crystals are [[quartz]] and (limited) [[feldspar]].")
![impact melt rock]] from the [[Suvasvesi]] South impact structure, Finland (thin section [[photomicrograph]], plane polarized light).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Suvasvesi shocked quartz.jpg?width=200 "impact melt rock]] from the [[Suvasvesi]] South impact structure, Finland (thin section [[photomicrograph]], plane polarized light).")
![dolomite]] from the [[Wells Creek crater]], USA.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wells Creek shatter cones 1.JPG?width=200 "dolomite]] from the [[Wells Creek crater]], USA.")
Βικιπαίδεια
Metamorphism is the transformation of existing rock (the protolith) to rock with a different mineral composition or texture. Metamorphism takes place at temperatures in excess of 150 to 200 °C (300 to 400 °F), and often also at elevated pressure or in the presence of chemically active fluids, but the rock remains mostly solid during the transformation. Metamorphism is distinct from weathering or diagenesis, which are changes that take place at or just beneath Earth's surface.
Various forms of metamorphism exist, including regional, contact, hydrothermal, shock, and dynamic metamorphism. These differ in the characteristic temperatures, pressures, and rate at which they take place and in the extent to which reactive fluids are involved. Metamorphism occurring at increasing pressure and temperature conditions is known as prograde metamorphism, while decreasing temperature and pressure characterize retrograde metamorphism.
Metamorphic petrology is the study of metamorphism. Metamorphic petrologists rely heavily on statistical mechanics and experimental petrology to understand metamorphic processes.
